Q4: Answer the following questions:(d) Describe the parameters and impacts of the Global Wage Report, 2022-23.
The Global Wage Report 2022-23, published by the International Labour Organization (ILO), provides a comprehensive analysis of wage trends worldwide. Let’s delve into its parameters and impacts:
- Evolution of Real Wages:
- The report examines the real wage growth globally and regionally.
- It considers factors such as employment, nominal wages, and inflation.
- For the first time in the twenty-first century, real wage growth has fallen to negative values.
- The widening gap between real productivity growth and real wage growth is a significant concern.
- COVID-19 Impact:
- The BNSS analyzes how wages evolved during the COVID-19 crisis.
- It investigates changes in the total wage bill components (employment, nominal wages, and inflation) from 2019 to 2022.
- The pandemic disrupted economies, affecting wages and purchasing power.
- Inflationary Context:
- The report highlights the impact of rising inflation on real wages.
- In many countries, inflation has led to negative real wage growth.
- Lower-income earners and their households are particularly affected by the increasing cost of living.
- Gender Pay Gap and Income Inequality:
- The BNSS examines changes in wage inequality and the gender pay gap.
- COVID-19 may have contributed to increasing income inequality in different regions globally.
- Policy Implications:
- The empirical evidence in the report informs policy discussions.
- Policymakers can use these insights for a human-centered recovery from ongoing crises.
In summary, the Global Wage Report 2022-23 sheds light on wage dynamics, inflation, and their impact on workers’ well-being. It serves as a valuable resource for policymakers, researchers, and advocates striving for equitable and sustainable wage policies
(e) What are the basic provisions of the Foreign Trade Policy, 2023 regarding export promotion initiatives in India?
69th BPSC mains 2023 (general studies II ) Q2(a): Discuss
Q2(a): Discuss the institutional relationship between the President and the Prime Minister as per the Indian Constitutional text. Discuss their…
69th BPSC mains 2023 (General studies II)Q1:- Write short answer
Q1:- Write short answer of the following question.(e)describe how caste census is going to influence the politics of Bihar. The caste…
69th BPSC mains 2023 (General studies II)Q1:- Write short answer
Q1:- Write short answer of the following question.(d) Explain how preamble of the Indian constitution provides a blue print about…
69th BPSC mains 2023 (General studies II)Q1:- Write short answer
Q1:- Write short answer of the following question.(c)Critically describe about the amendment process of the Indian constitution(8marks) The amendment process of…
69th BPSC mains 2023 (General studies II)Q1:- Write short answer
Q1:- Write short answer of the following question.(b) Is reservation for Economically weaker section (EWS) justified? comment (8 marks) Introduction Reservation…
69th BPSC mains 2023 (General studies II)Q1:- Write short answer
Q1:- Write short answer of the following question. (a)Critically examine the basic structure theory regarding the Indian constitution.(8 marks) The basic…
The Foreign Trade Policy (FTP) 2023 of India aims to provide a framework to enhance the country’s exports and promote trade. The key provisions regarding export promotion initiatives in the FTP 2023 include:
- Emphasis on Digitalization and E-Commerce:
- Promoting the use of e-commerce for exports and simplifying processes for e-commerce export channels.
- Facilitation of digital initiatives to ease the processes related to trade, including the use of digital signatures and electronic documentation.
- Trade Infrastructure for Export Scheme (TIES):
- Strengthening the infrastructure related to exports by providing financial assistance for setting up and upgrading export infrastructure.
- Districts as Export Hubs:
- Identifying and promoting districts with export potential, supporting local artisans, and promoting geographical indications (GI) products.
- Encouraging each district to focus on products where it has a competitive advantage and providing necessary support for developing these export hubs.
- Promotion of Traditional and New Markets:
- Diversification of export markets to reduce dependency on traditional markets.
- Identifying new markets and focusing on promoting exports to these regions through trade agreements and bilateral discussions.
- Sector-Specific Export Promotion:
- Tailored initiatives for key sectors like textiles, leather, engineering goods, pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and gems and jewelry.
- Providing specific incentives and support for technology upgradation, quality improvement, and branding in these sectors.
- Support for MSMEs:
- Providing assistance and support to Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) to enhance their export potential.
- Facilitating access to finance, technology, and international markets for MSMEs.
- Simplification and Reduction of Compliance Burden:
- Simplifying various procedures and reducing the compliance burden on exporters.
- Streamlining the export documentation and customs procedures to facilitate smoother and faster clearance.
- Export Credit and Insurance:
- Strengthening the export credit and insurance framework to mitigate risks associated with international trade.
- Enhancing the role of Export Credit Guarantee Corporation (ECGC) and other financial institutions in providing credit and insurance support to exporters.
- Market Access Initiatives (MAI):
- Providing financial support for export promotion activities such as participation in international trade fairs, buyer-seller meets, and other promotional events.
- Funding market research, product development, and capacity-building activities to enhance market access.
- Focus on Sustainability and Compliance:
- Encouraging exports that adhere to environmental and social compliance standards.
- Promoting sustainable practices in the export sectors to ensure long-term competitiveness in global markets.
- Skill Development:
- Enhancing the skills of the workforce involved in the export sector through training programs and capacity-building initiatives.
- Collaboration with industry bodies and educational institutions to provide relevant training and certification.
- Incentive Schemes:
- Implementation of various incentive schemes to encourage exports, such as the Remission of Duties and Taxes on Exported Products (RoDTEP) and the Export Promotion Capital Goods (EPCG) scheme.
- Providing fiscal incentives and benefits to exporters to make their products more competitive in the global market.
These provisions aim to create a supportive ecosystem for exporters, enhance the competitiveness of Indian products in global markets, and contribute to the overall growth of India’s economy through increased trade.
